Broaching machine



May 8, 1928.

O. J. DANSEREAU BROACHING MACHINE Filed Aug. 51,' 1921 2 sheets-sheet' 1- May 8, 1928.

O. J. DANSEREAU BROACHING MACHINE Filed Aug. 51, 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 VIII IIIHHIIIIHIIHHIIIbIIIH .UU H MUNI Patented May 8, '1928.l

UNITED STATES ma .'r.

PATENT OFFlCE.

nnersnmmor cLAuEMoNT, NEW HAMPSHIRE, Assroivon To sULLIvAN MACHINERY COMPANY, A conoaarrou or Massnonusa'rrs;

BBOACHING MACHINE.

.Application :lied August 31, 1921. Serial No. 497,349.

My invention relates to broaching machines. y

An object' of my invention is to provide an improved breaching machine. Another object of my vinvention-'is to provide an im'- proved mechanically driven broaching machine in which a .broach may. be simultaneously pushed and pulled through the Work piece. Another object .of my invention is to provide an improved mechanically driven breaching machine cfa type in which the broach ma be simultaneously pushed and pulled an the :torce of the push and the pull equally divided automatically. A still -further object of my invention 4is to provide improved control. mechanism cooperating with a breaching machine of the improved type disclosed herein.

In the accompanying drawings I have shown for purposes of illustration, two forms which my invention may assume in practice.

Fig. 1 is a view partially in elevation and partially in section, the section being a central vertical longitudinal one through one form of my'improved breaching mechanism. Fig. 2 is a plan view with parts broken away of the same mechanism.

Fig. 3 is a view similar. to Fig. 1 of another illustrative embodiment of my improved broachin mechanism.

Fig. 4 is a p an view of mechanism shown in Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a transverse section on the plane of the' line 5-5 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 6 is a ydetail on an enlarged scale of the portion of the controlling mechanism.

Fig. 7 is another detail ot' lthe mechanism partially in elevation and partially in section, showing further `features of the control the vbreaching mechanism.

It has been discovered that the breakage v opposite ends thereof, but in the same direction whereby the broach may be relieved ofeither an excessive pull or an excessive push.

In my prior cti-pending application tiled.

J une S. 1221, SerialNo. 475,893, I have disclosed a mechanism for automatically substantially equally pushing and pulling 'upon the journal members 4. Mounted upon and lcooperating With the feed screws 5 and f3 and journaled in the journal members 4 are rotary nuts 7 and 8 cooperating with the feed screws 5 and 6 respectively, these nuts having slidably splined thereto members having clutch teeth 9 at opposite sides thereof and central peripheral grooves 10 cooperating vvith shifter arms 11 hereafter more fully described. Journaled upon` each' of the journal members 4 are pinions 13 and 14 'and 13 and 14', these pinions being rovided with clutch teeth 16, 17, 19 an 18 adapted to be engaged by the teeth 9..uponthe members splined to the nuts 7 and 8. The screws 5 and 6 are provided with any suitable means for preventing their rotation, herein cross heads 20 and 21` respectively, guided in the frame 1. Each ot these cross heads is provided with interchangeable means herein shown at 22 and 23 to cooperate with a broach 24 and respectively pull and push the same through a Work piece "W, it being evident that when the breach is to be pulled from left to right, the member 22 will cooperate with the cross head 2O While 'the member 23 cooperates with the cross head 21, and when the movement of the breach is in the opposite direction, the parts will be reversed. An abutment 25 intermediate between the standards 2 and 2 serves as a support orthe work piece during the broachtween the pinions 13 and 27 and 19 and 30,

. respectively.

The alined shafts 26 and 26 are driven by means of a fizterential 31 which is driven in turn by beveled gears 32 and 33 respectively, the latter of which is driven by a motor 34.

It will thus be evident that when the load resisting the turning of the shafts 26 and 26 is equal, these shafts will turn at a uniform rate and that according to the wciknown principle o the diii'erential, that shaft which is the more heavily loaded Will turn the slower while the speed'oi' the other is accelerated proportionately, whereby equal driving forces will be automatically imparted to opposite ends oit' the breach. For the purpose et shifting the clutches 9 to cause the driving of the gears 13, 14 or the gears 14, 13', lt provide a control lever 35 connected by links 36 and 37 and push rods 38, 39, pivoted levers 40 and 41, links 42 and 43 with the shifting arms 11 at the opposite ends of the machine.

The mode oi' operation oi' this mechanism will be readily apparent. Assume that the lever 35 is swung to the right, it will be evident that the clutch teeth 9 will engage the teeth 19 and 16 and that as a result the nuts 7 and 8 will be rotated causing the breach to be. simultaneously drawn and forced through the work piece W, it being evident that by reason of the presence of the differential the force imparted in the form of a push and of a pull will be equally divided. between the opposite ends et the breach. When the breach has completely traversed the work piece, the lever 35 will be moved to mid-position, discontinuing the driving of the breach and upon placing of a work piece upon the opposite side of the abutment and the reversal of the position oi the breach and the members 22 and 23, a shifting of the lever 35 to the left will cause the breach to operate upon a werk piece while moving in the opposite direction.

lIt will be readily apparent that'in the case of a unidirectional motor the direction of rotation of the nut would need to be changed by some external means and -this is accomplished by reason of the fact that the idlers 44 and 45 are provided between the gears 13 and 27 and 13' and 30.

In the form of my invention shown in Figs. 3 to 7, inclusive, I have disclosed a breaching machine operating on a similar, but modified, principle and in which automatic means 1s provided for causing the breach to be drawn away from the pushing cross head after the breaching operation has been completed, thereby producin the necessary spacebetween the cresshea s for the urpose of permitting a ready removal of t e breach. In this mechanism the following breach controlling member automatically overtakes the breach in starting the cut in the same manner as occurs in the iirst to drive the latter.

the second at the other end of the frame 50.

Journaled in the hangers are rotatable nuts 55 and 56, these nuts being respectively provided with driving gears 57 and 58 keyed thereon. The gear 57 is provided with a braking surface 59 and a similar braking surface .or ring 60 is provided on the gear 58. Cooperating with the surfaces 59 and 60 are brake bands 61 and 62, respectively, which are adapted to be applied by means oi' cam y sleeves 63 and rotatable cams 64, best shown in Fig. 5, the bands being arranged to beslackened by a spring when the cams are in the position shown in Fig. 5. Feed screws 67 and 68 are slidably mounted in the hangers 51, 52 and 53, 54, respectively, Vthese i'eed screws threadedly cooperating with' the nuts 55 and 56 and being adapted to be fed simultaneously first in one direction and then` in the other as the direction of rotation of the nuts is changed. Gears 69 and 70 mounted on shafts 71 and 72 mesh with the gears 57 and 58 and serve The shafts 71 and 72 are connected by a differential 73 driven by a gear 74 and a driving pinion 75 connected by way of a reversing mechanism 76 having an operating member 77 to a driving motor 78. .The cams 64 are provided .with arms 79y and 80, respectively, which larms are provided with connections b means of vertical slots 8l with longitu inally movable rods 83 and 84 having collars 85 and 86 thereon. Cross heads 87 and 88 are guided by the frame and arranged at the adjacent ends of the feed screws 67 and 68. These cross heads are provided.` respectivel with latch mechanisms 8 9 and 90 adapte to cooperate with the collars 85 and 86.

The construction of these latch meclia nisms is best shown in Fig. 7. Herein it will be noted that latches 91 are'held in projected position by springs ,92 and are retractible by thumb knobs 93. The rods 83 and 84 are normally held by springs 95 and 96 in a position to maintain the cams 63 and 64 in brake band slackening position.

The mode of operation of this mechanism will be readily apparent. Assume that the breach 10() is mounted between` the cross heads 87y and 88 by means similarl to these shown in the first described form of 'my invention and that a work iece W rests against an abutment 25 and is ready to be breached; the lever 77 will then be shifted in thepzroper direction to cause the shafts 71 and also the gears 57 and 58 in such manner as to rotate the nuts 55 and 56 to cause the movement toward the right of the feed screws 67 2te drive the gears 69 and 70 and memset and l68. A, By reason of the presence of the differential, the force imparted to the oppositel ends of the broach will be equally divided into a push and a pull. The parts will move toward the right from the position shown in Fig. 4, the right hand latch 91 sliding over the collar 85, and moving overl rod 83 until the left hand latch 91 comes in contact with the collar 86. When this occurs the rod 84 will be pulled along with the cross head 88 toward the right and so the arm 8O will be locked angl by the cooperation of the cam 64; and the sleeve 63 the left hand brake band 62 Will be .caused to grip the braking surface 60 on the gear 58. Accordingly, the movement of the left hand screw 68 will be retarded while the right hand screw 67 will be accelerated and the cross head 87 will move away from the cross head 88, although both may continue to move if the grip of the brake band 62 does not lock the gear 58. The collar 86 is so disposed as not to be engaged by the latch 91 until the broaching operation is completed. It will accordingly be apparent that by reason of the increased distance between' the cross heads the broach may be readily removed and the. parts interchanged to permit reverse movementof the broach. In order to release the brake 62 it is simply necessary to lift the knob 93 and the rod 8l will then be moved to the left by the spring 96 and the brake band released.

The parts cooperating with the broach can r evidently" be interchanged as previously described and the broach caused to make a cut during its opposite travel.

While I have in this application specifically described two forms which my invention may assume in ractice, it will be understood that these orms of the same are shown for purposes of illustration and that the invention may be embodied in various other forms without departing from its spirit or the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A. broaching machine comprising a broach, and mechanically actuated broach carrying means for passin said broach through a Work piece inclu ing means for automatically equally mechanically distributing the working stresses throughout the broach.

2. A. broaching machine comprising a broach, and mechanically actuated broach carrying means for passing said broach through a work piece including differential means for automaticall mechanically applying force simultaneous y to both ends of said breach tending to impel it in one direction fand maintaining said forces substantially equal.l l y y 8. A. broachinle;` machine comprising a breach, and mechanically actuated broacn carrying means for passing said broach through a work piece including mechanical self-adjusting compensating means for distributing a constant degree of force to both ends of said broach simultaneously to impel it in one direction.

4. In a machine tool of the type comprising an elongated cutter adapted to be moved ax1ally through a Work piece, the comblnation with said cutter of moving means therefor comprising mechanically driven heads engaging the opposite ends of said cutter, and driving means for said heads having a unitary initial drive element, and differential mechanism interposed between said drive element and heads.

5. In a machine tool of the type comprising an elongated cutter adapted to be moved axially through a work piece, the combination with said cutter of moving means therefor comprising mechanically actuated means for exerting pull on said cutter to move it in the work, and complemental moving means for reducing the pulling stresses during work comprising means exerting a push on said cutter and governing means operating automatically mechanically to vary the power delivered to said pushing and pulling means respectively.

6. A broaching machine comprising a broach, feeding means adapted to maintain a working stress throughout said broach during its working stroke, and mechanically operated means automatically adapted to cooperate with said eeding means to render ineffective a portion thereof upon completion of said stroke.

l 7. A broaching machine c omprising a broach, feeding means adapted to maintain a working stress throughout said broach during its Working stroke, and means automatically to render ineffective a portion. of said feeding means upon completion of said stroke including lyielding controlling meansf 8. A broachiug machine comprising a broach, feeding means adapted to'maintain a working stress throughout said broach during its working stroke, and means automatically adapted to render ineffective a portion of said feeding means upon completion of said stroke including mechanically operated controlling means.

9. A broaching machine comprising a breach, feed-ing means adapted to maintain a working stress throughout said broach dur, ing its working stroke, and means automatically adapted to render ineffective a portion of said feeding means upon completion of said stroke including automatically operated controlling means.

l0. ln a broaching mechanism, a plurality of alined screws, means for attaching a breach thereto, and means for moving said screws simultaneously in the same direction.

1l. ln a broaching mechanism, a plurality llU of alined screws, means for attaching a Abreach thereto, means cooperating with said screws to said breach, and means for causing said screws te share equally in the transmission of movement of said breach.

14. ln a breaching mechanism, a breach a plurality of feed screws, means whereby either end of Said breach may be connected to 'either of said screws, and driving'means for said feed screws.

l5. ln a breaching mechanism, a breach, a plurality of feed screws having their axes parallel to a line parallel te the axis of said breach, and means including a differential for driving said screws.

16. ln a breaching machine, a breach', a pair of feed screws in alinemcnt with said breach, connections between adjacent ends of said feed screws and said broach,'nuts cooperating with said feed screws, alined shafts driving said nuts, a differential disposed between and connecting said alined shafts and driving means for said difierential.

17. In a breaching machine, a breach, a pair of feed screws in alinement with said breach, connections between adjacent ends of said feed screws and said breach, nuts cooperating with said feed' screws, alined shafts driving said nuts, a dill'erential disposed between and connecting said alined shafts, driving means for said differential, and means controlled by the movements of said feed screws to automatically release one end of said breach when the breaching operation is completed. p

18. ln a breaching machine, a breach, a

air of feed screws in alinement with said liroach, connections between adjacent ends of said screws and the ends of said. breach, nuts cooperating with said feed screws, braking means adapted to cooperate with said nuts, driving means for said nuts, and means controlled by the movements of said screws for controliing said braking means.

19. lin a breaching machine, a breach, a pair of feed screws in alinement with said breach, connections between adjacent ends of said screws and the ends of said breach, nuts cooperating with said feed screws, braking means adapted to cooperate with said nuts, driving means for said nuts, and means automatically controlled by the movements of said screws for actuating one of said braking means at the end of the breaching operation, and manual means for releasing said braking means.

20. In a breaching machine, a breach, a pair of feed screws in alinement with said breach, reversible connections between adjacent ends of said screws and the ends of said breach, nuts cooperating with said feed screws, braking means adapted to cooperate with said nuts, driving means for said nuts, and a plurality of means controlled by the movements of said screws for separately controlling said braking means.

2l. A machine tool having a movable tool, and mechanical means for effecting its movement comprising a plurality of normally linearly movable holding members therefor, and unitary means for actuating both members including means for imparting eitherrelative movement er simultaneous equal movement in the same direction thereto.

22. A-hole forming mechanism comprising a movable tool, and means for effecting its movement comprising a plurality of holding members having axially alined actuating screws adapted to have either simultaneous equal movement in the same direction or longitudinal movement relative to each other and unitary means for actuating beth screws.

A machine tool having a werk performing member, means for actuating the same including a plurality of threaded feed shafts, and means adapted to move one of said shafts automatically longitudinally toward 'the other upon the application of power to said shafts.

24. A machine tool having a Work performing member, means for actuating the same including a plurality of threaded feed shafts, and means adapted automatically to nieve one of said shafts toward the 'other upon the application of power te said shafts and thereafter move the same simultaneously automatically, and movable means adapted te be braked automatically to e'ect further relative movement.

25. A machine tool having a work per-- and means to retard automatically an element of said actuating means to effect another operation of said member.

27. yIn combination, a tool, and means for 5 feeding the same comprising a plurality of feed screws adapted to have longitudinal relative movement, and means whereby when one of said screws has reached its limit of travel the other will automatical- 10 ly have movement.

28. In a machine tool, a movable work performing member having a predetermined range of movement, actuating means therefor including a plurality of power propelled carriers, and means for automatically braking one of said carriers as its limit of movement is approached.

In testimony whereof I aix my signature.

OMER J. DAN SEREAU. 

